diff --git a/include/gfx.hpp b/include/gfx.hpp
index cee3b3e..b5f2f83 100644
--- a/include/gfx.hpp
+++ b/include/gfx.hpp
@@ -10,23 +10,11 @@ namespace engine {
 		FRAGMENT,
 	};
 
-	struct Shader {
-		ShaderType type;
-		uint32_t handle;
-	};
-
-	typedef uint32_t Program;
-
 	enum class BufferType {
 		VERTEX,
 		INDEX,
 	};
 
-	struct Buffer {
-		BufferType type;
-		uint32_t handle;
-	};
-
 	enum class Primitive {
 		POINTS,
 		LINES,
diff --git a/include/gfx_device.hpp b/include/gfx_device.hpp
index 9f1c021..f43c550 100644
--- a/include/gfx_device.hpp
+++ b/include/gfx_device.hpp
@@ -49,7 +49,8 @@ namespace engine {
 		void createPipeline(const char* vertShaderPath, const char* fragShaderPath);
 
 		// creates a vertex array for holding mesh data
-		bool createBuffer(const gfx::BufferDesc& desc, const void* data, gfx::BufferHandle* out);
+		gfx::BufferHandle* createVertexBuffer(const gfx::BufferDesc& desc, const void* vertices, const void* indices);
+		void destroyBuffer(const gfx::BufferHandle* buffer);
 
 		// wait until all the active GPU queues have finished working
 		void waitIdle();
diff --git a/src/engine.cpp b/src/engine.cpp
index c1d9c0f..5d69831 100644
--- a/src/engine.cpp
+++ b/src/engine.cpp
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "window.hpp"
 #include "gfx_device.hpp"
 #include "resource_manager.hpp"
+#include "log.hpp"
 
 namespace engine {
 
@@ -14,11 +15,17 @@ namespace engine {
 		engine::ResourceManager resMan{};
 
 		m_gfx->createPipeline(resMan.getFilePath("shader.vert.spv").string().c_str(), resMan.getFilePath("shader.frag.spv").string().c_str());
+
+		gfx::BufferDesc bufferDesc {
+			.size = 65536,
+		};
+		gfx::BufferHandle* buffer = m_gfx->createBuffer(bufferDesc, nullptr);
+
+		m_gfx->destroyBuffer(buffer);
 	}
 
 	Application::~Application()
 	{
-
 	}
 
 	void Application::gameLoop()
diff --git a/src/gfx_device_vulkan.cpp b/src/gfx_device_vulkan.cpp
index dccc244..0379543 100644
--- a/src/gfx_device_vulkan.cpp
+++ b/src/gfx_device_vulkan.cpp
@@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ namespace engine {
 		std::vector<VkImageView> imageViews{};
 		std::vector<VkFramebuffer> framebuffers{};
 
+		VkQueue activeQueue{};
+
 		VkRenderPass renderpass;
 
 		VkSemaphore acquireSemaphore = VK_NULL_HANDLE; // waits until the image is available
@@ -67,17 +69,19 @@ namespace engine {
 		VkPipeline handle = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
 	};
 
-	struct AllocatedBuffer {
-		VkBuffer buffer = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
-		VmaAllocation allocation = nullptr;
-	};
-
 	enum class QueueFlags : uint32_t {
 		GRAPHICS =	(1 << 0),
 		TRANSFER =	(1 << 1),
 		COMPUTE =	(1 << 2),
 	};
 
+	// handles
+	
+	struct gfx::BufferHandle {
+		VkBuffer buffer = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+		VmaAllocation allocation = nullptr;
+	};
+
 
 
 	// functions
@@ -516,6 +520,7 @@ namespace engine {
 		
 		std::vector<Queue> queues{};
 		Queue gfxQueue;
+		Queue presentQueue;
 		VkCommandPool commandPool = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
 		VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
 
@@ -825,6 +830,8 @@ namespace engine {
 				vkGetDeviceQueue(pimpl->device, q.familyIndex, q.queueIndex, &q.handle);
 			}
 
+			pimpl->presentQueue = getQueueSupporting(pimpl->queues, QueueFlags::TRANSFER);
+
 			pimpl->gfxQueue = getQueueSupporting(pimpl->queues, QueueFlags::GRAPHICS);
 
 			VkCommandPoolCreateInfo gfxCmdPoolInfo{
@@ -1036,7 +1043,7 @@ namespace engine {
 		presentInfo.pImageIndices = &imageIndex;
 		presentInfo.pResults = nullptr;
 
-		res = vkQueuePresentKHR(pimpl->gfxQueue.handle, &presentInfo);
+		res = vkQueuePresentKHR(pimpl->presentQueue.handle, &presentInfo);
 		if (res == VK_SUBOPTIMAL_KHR || res == VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DATE_KHR) {
 			// recreate swapchain
 			waitIdle();
@@ -1198,9 +1205,27 @@ namespace engine {
 
 	}
 
-	bool GFXDevice::createBuffer(const gfx::BufferDesc& desc, const void* data, gfx::BufferHandle* out)
+	gfx::BufferHandle* GFXDevice::createBuffer(const gfx::BufferDesc& desc, const void* data)
 	{
-		return false;
+		auto out = new gfx::BufferHandle{};
+
+		VkBufferCreateInfo createInfo{ VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO };
+		createInfo.size = desc.size;
+		createInfo.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT;
+
+		VmaAllocationCreateInfo allocInfo{};
+		allocInfo.usage = VMA_MEMORY_USAGE_AUTO;
+
+		VkResult res = vmaCreateBuffer(pimpl->allocator, &createInfo, &allocInfo, &out->buffer, &out->allocation, nullptr);
+		assert(res == VK_SUCCESS);
+
+		return out;
+	}
+
+	void GFXDevice::destroyBuffer(const gfx::BufferHandle* buffer)
+	{
+		vmaDestroyBuffer(pimpl->allocator, buffer->buffer, buffer->allocation);
+		delete buffer;
 	}
 
 	void GFXDevice::waitIdle()